Second, Snake’s internal technical architecture allows for easy incorporation of new or replacement components. First, Snake employs means to achieve a rare level of stealth in its host components and network communications. The sophistication of Snake stems from three principal areas. We consider Snake to be the most sophisticated cyber espionage tool in the FSB’s arsenal. Hunting Russian Intelligence “Snake” Malware (PDF, 4.11 MB For more information on FSB and Russian state-sponsored cyber activity, please see the joint advisory Russian State-Sponsored and Criminal Cyber Threats to Critical Infrastructure and CISA’s Russia Cyber Threat Overview and Advisories webpage. The technical information and mitigation recommendations in this CSA are provided to assist network defenders in detecting Snake and associated activity.
This CSA also addresses a recent Snake variant that has not yet been widely disclosed. This Cybersecurity Advisory (CSA) provides background on Snake’s attribution to the FSB and detailed technical descriptions of the implant’s host architecture and network communications. Within the United States, the FSB has victimized industries including education, small businesses, and media organizations, as well as critical infrastructure sectors including government facilities, financial services, critical manufacturing, and communications. As one example, FSB actors used Snake to access and exfiltrate sensitive international relations documents, as well as other diplomatic communications, from a victim in a North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) country. Globally, the FSB has used Snake to collect sensitive intelligence from high-priority targets, such as government networks, research facilities, and journalists. Although Snake uses infrastructure across all industries, its targeting is purposeful and tactical in nature. We have identified Snake infrastructure in over 50 countries across North America, South America, Europe, Africa, Asia, and Australia, to include the United States and Russia itself. Snake’s custom communications protocols employ encryption and fragmentation for confidentiality and are designed to hamper detection and collection efforts. Many systems in this P2P network serve as relay nodes which route disguised operational traffic to and from Snake implants on the FSB’s ultimate targets. To conduct operations using this tool, the FSB created a covert peer-to-peer (P2P) network of numerous Snake-infected computers worldwide. Chenyang Xu and Jerry L.The Snake implant is considered the most sophisticated cyber espionage tool designed and used by Center 16 of Russia’s Federal Security Service (FSB) for long-term intelligence collection on sensitive targets. Jim Invins and John Porril, "Everything you always wanted to know about snakes (but were afraid to ask) Michael Kass, Andrew Witkin and Demetri TerzoPoulos "Snakes Active Contour Models", 1987
Try the example in the help of function Snake.m ! 3D implementation, including parameter to keep the mesh from self-intersecting The "Gradient Vector Flow" (GVF) method. A balloon force, which is not in the original paper
Snake force download code#
To keep the contour smooth, a membrane and thin plate energy is used as contour regularization.Īll code is well commented, and is probably easy readable. These functions implements the basic snake segmentation contour, as introduced by Kass et al.Ī snake is an active (moving) contour, in which the points are attracted by edges and other image boundaries.
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